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 KVM Switches, Industrial Computer,Industrial Notebook Manufacturer in China |
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Technical Glossary(2)
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Frame Relay - A high speed packet switching protocol used in wide area networks. Frame relay provides for a granular service up t DS1 rates of 1.544Mbps and is suited for data and image transfer.
Framing - A control procedure used with multiplexed digital channels such as T1 carriers, whereby bits are inserted so that the receiver can identify the time slots that are allocated to each sub channel.
Gateway - A computer that performs protocol conversion between different types of networks or applications.
Gigabit - One billion bits; used to describe data transfer rates as a function of time, as in Gbps.
Gigabit Ethernet - Technology that adapts the Ethernet model for data transmission at 1Gbps or higher.
Gigabyte - 1,073,741,824 bytes, equal to 1024 Megabytes; becoming the new basic unit of mass storage.
Gigahertz - A unit of frequency measurement; one gigahertz is equal to one billion events per second. Frequencies in this range are usually called microwaves.
IMAP - Method of accessing e-mail messages kept on a shared mail server.
In-Band Signalling - A transmission occurring in the frequency range normally used for data transmission.
Infrared - Electromagnetic waves with a frequency range between microwaves and the visible spectrum.
Intelligent Terminal - A terminal with built-in processing capability but no local disk or tape storage.
Interface Converter - A device that enables two systems with incompatible electrical signals connectors and handshaking to communicate with each other.
Internal Modem - A modem that plugs into an expansion slot within the computer.
Internet Access Provider - An organisation that provides access to the Internet.
Intranet - A network connecting a related set of standard Internet protocols and files in HTML format with employees using Internet browsers in an organisation's network and within the corporate firewalls.
IP Address - A 32-bit address assigned to hosts using TCP/IP. It belongs to one of five classes (A-E) and is expressed as 4 octets separated by periods formatted as dotted decimals. Each address has a network number, an optional sub network number and a host number. The first two numbers are used for routing, while the host number addresses an individual host within the network or sub network. A subnet mask is used to extract network and sub network information from the IP address.
ISDN - Terminal Adaptor A device that attaches a computer and an analogue or telephone to a digital ISDN line.
Jabber - An error condition where a network device continually transmits random meaningless data onto the network. In IEEE 80.3 a data packet with a length that exceeds the prescribed standard.
Java - Object orientated program language developed by Sun Microsystems. It is used extensively on the Web, most often for applets. Java is also used to solve programming problems.
KVM Switch - Keyboard, Video and Mouse Switch.
LAN Local Area Network - a communications network made up of servers, workstations, a network operating system and a communications link that servers users within a confined geographical area.
LAN Manager - A distributed network operating system developed by Microsoft, that supports a variety of protocols and platforms.
LAN Switch - A high speed switch that forwards packets between data-link segments.
Layer 3 Switching - A technology that integrates routing with switching to yield very high routing throughput rates in the millions of packets per second range.
Leased Line - A private communications channel, leased from a common carrier in a point to point or multipoint configuration. Also called a private line.
Legacy Systems - A mainframe or minicomputer information system that has been in existence for a long period of time.
Line Adaptor - A device that converts a digital signal into a form suitable for transmission over a communications line and vice versa.
Line Modulation - The means by which a carrier is varied to represent a signal carrying information.
Link Layer - Layer two of the OSI reference model; also known as the data link layer.
Local Bridge - A bridge that connects networks within the same geographical area.
Local Bus - A type of bus with a very short signal path between main processor and I/O processor.
Local Channel Loopback - A digital loopback test that forms the loop at the input to a local DCE.
Local Digital Loopback - A digital loopback test that forms the loop at the DTE side of a local DCE.
Mac Address - In LANs, a standardized data-link layer address thats required for every connected port or device.
Mac IP - A network layer protocol that encapsulated IP packets in DDP packets for transmission over AppleTalk. MacIP also provides proxy ARP services.
Mainframe - A large scale computer system that can house comprehensive software, several peripherals and networks with multiple users.
MAN - Municipal Area Network - a communications network that covers a geographical area such as a city.
Megabyte - 1,048,576 bytes, equal to 1024 kilobytes; the basic unit of measurement of mass storage.
Megahertz - A unit of frequency equal to 1,000,000 cycles per second.
Memory Card - A credit card sized memory module used as an additional disk or disk alternative in laptops and palmtops.
MSAU - Multi Station Access Unit - a central hub in a Token Ring LAN
Multilayer Switch - A switch that filters and forwards packets based on MAC addresses and network addresses.
Multimedia - Disseminating information in more than one form, including the use of text, audio, graphics, animated graphics and full motion video.
Multiplatform - Able to run on more than one type of computer.
Multipoint Access - User access in which more than one terminal equipment is supported by a single network termination.
Network Access Control - Circuits that dictate when individual workstations may transmit messages within a LAN.
Network Layer - Layer 3 of the OSI reference model. This layer provides connectivity and path selection between two end systems.
Operating System - The software of a computer that controls the execution of programs, input/output, resource scheduling and data management.
Optical Fibre - Any filament or fibre made of dielectric materials, that is used to transmit laser or LED generated signals.
Out-of-Band Signalling - Control signalling that uses an extra signal transmitted alongside the main information signal.
PABX - Private Automatic Branch Exchange - an in-house telephone switching system that interconnects telephone extensions to each other, as well as to the outside telephone network.
Patch Cable - A short cable used to make a connection between two nearby components.
Patch Panel - A group of sockets that function as a manual switching centre between incoming and outgoing lines in a communications, electronic or electrical system.
PC Card - The name for an accessory card for PCs that follows the standards set by PCMCIA.
Peripheral - Any hardware device connected to a computer, such as a monitor, keyboard, printer etc.
Plug and Play - Also known as PnP, an Intel standard for the design or PC expansion boards that the IRQ and DMA settings and I/O and memory addresses self- configure on start-up.
Protocol Analyzer - A diagnostic tool for displaying and analysing communications protocols.
Rackmount - Components that are built to fit in a metal frame which can be installed in a cabinet; usually 19" wide.
RAM - The computers primary workspace where the contents of each byte can be accessed directly without regard to the bytes before or after it.
Real Time - An operating mode that allows immediate interaction with data as it is created.
Remote Access - The ability of a computer in one location to connect to a device that is at another location or site.
RSA - A highly secure encryption method that used a two-part key.
Serial Transmission - Method of data transmission in which the bits of a data character are transmitted sequentially over a single channel.
Shared Access - An access method that enables many stations to use the same transmission medium in a LAN
Terminal Adaptor - A device used to connect ISDN basic rate interface connections to existing interfaces such as RS-232.
Terminal Emulation - A software application that makes a computer appear to a remote host as a directly attached terminal.
Terminal Server - A communications processor that connects one or more asynchronous devices such as terminals, printers, hosts and modems to an Ethernet LAN or WAN that uses TCP/IP, X.25 or LAT protocols.
Transceiver - A hardware device that links a node with a baseband network backbone, enabling transmitting and receiving capabilities.
Twisted-Pair - A cable with two conductors twisted as a pair.
Video Bandwidth - The maximum display resolution of a video screen, measured in MHz and calculated by horizontal x vertical resolution x refreshes/sec.
Video Card - An expansion board that plugs into a desktop computer, converting the images created in the computer to the electronic signals required by the monitor.
VLAN - A group of devices on a LAN or LANs that are configured for communications as if they were attached to the same wire, when in reality they are located on a number of different LAN segments.
VPN - Virtual Private Network
WAN - A data communications network spread across a wide geographical area and incorporating a large number of users. A WAN often uses transmission devices provided by common carriers.
Whiteboard Collaboration - Software that enables two users to share a computer screen in a similar manner to using a whiteboard in a meeting room.
Wireless LAN - A LAN in which data flows by radio or infrared transmissions, rather than over wire.
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